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Here is the answer key and explanation for the exercise. Check your answers carefully and review the explanations for any incorrect responses. Practicing questions and correcting mistakes are essential for MDCAT success, as they strengthen your understanding and improve accuracy. Keep learning from your errors to enhance your performance!
Q.1
Correct option: C. mentioning
Explanation: The phrase “not worth” must be followed by a gerund (verb + -ing). “Mentioning” is the correct gerund form here. “Being mentioned” is passive voice, which changes the meaning, while “to be mentioned” uses an infinitive, which is grammatically incorrect in this context.
Q.2
Correct option: B. having read
Explanation: The perfect gerund “having read” is used to emphasize that the action (reading the book) was completed before the speaker’s surprise. “Being read” is passive, and “reading” doesn’t convey the completion of the action.
Q.3
Correct option: A. asking
Explanation: After “thought of,” a gerund (“asking”) is required. “To ask” would require a structure like “decided to ask,” and “my asking” is unnecessarily possessive.
Q.4
Correct option: B. of being punished
Explanation: The correct phrase is “fear of being punished,” where “of” is the preposition followed by the passive gerund “being punished.” “Being punished” alone lacks the preposition, and “to be punished” is an infinitive, which doesn’t fit here.
Q.5
Correct option: C. doing
Explanation: The phrase “used to” is followed by a gerund (“doing”) to describe habitual actions. “Being done” is passive, and “do” is the base form, which is incorrect after “used to.”
Q.6
Correct option: D. of going
Explanation: The correct phrase is “capable of going,” where “of” is the preposition followed by the gerund “going.” “About going” and “for going” use incorrect prepositions.
Q.7
Correct option: B. not being able
Explanation: The correct form is “not being able,” where “being able” is the gerund and “not” is placed before it. “Being not able” misplaces the negation, and “not having been able” is unnecessarily complex.
Q.8
Correct option: D. repeating
Explanation: The phrase “no use” is followed by a gerund (“repeating”). The other options incorrectly add prepositions (“by,” “in,” “of”), which are not needed.
Q.9
Correct option: C. to inviting
Explanation: The correct phrase is “no objection to inviting,” where “to” is the preposition followed by the gerund “inviting.” “To invite” is an infinitive, which doesn’t fit here.
Q.10
Correct option: B. knocking
Explanation: The phrase “without knocking” uses the gerund “knocking” to describe the action that didn’t happen. “Being seen” is passive, and the other options don’t fit the context.
Q.11
Correct option: C. to arrive
Explanation: The verb “expect” is followed by the infinitive “to arrive.” “Arrive” is the base form, and “to have arrived” is the perfect infinitive, which implies completion, making it incorrect here.
Q.12
Correct option: A. do
Explanation: The causative verb “make” is followed by the base form “do.” “Doing” is a gerund, and “to do” is an infinitive, both of which are incorrect after “make.”
Q.13
Correct option: C. to begin
Explanation: The adjective “ready” is followed by the infinitive “to begin.” “To be beginning” and “to have begun” are unnecessarily complex, and “to be begun” is passive.
Q.14
Correct option: A. be sent
Explanation: The modal “must” is followed by the passive infinitive “be sent.” “Have been sent” is the perfect passive, which doesn’t fit the urgency of the sentence.
Q.15
Correct option: C. to be reading
Explanation: The verb “pretend” is followed by the continuous infinitive “to be reading” to describe an ongoing action. “To be read” is passive, and “to have read” implies completion.
Q.16
Correct option: D. have called
Explanation: The modal “should” is followed by the perfect infinitive “have called” to express a past obligation that wasn’t fulfilled. “Call” is the base form, which doesn’t convey the past meaning.
Q.17
Correct option: B. not to laugh
Explanation: The correct structure is “impossible not to laugh,” where “not” precedes the infinitive “to laugh.” “To not laugh” splits the infinitive, which is less formal.
Q.18
Correct option: A. to be interrupted
Explanation: The verb “like” is followed by the passive infinitive “to be interrupted” to describe the subject’s preference. The other options misuse the verb forms or voice.
Q.19
Correct option: C. to have left
Explanation: The phrase “is said” is followed by the perfect infinitive “to have left” to indicate an action completed in the past. “To be left” is passive, and “to leave” doesn’t convey completion.
Q.20
Correct option: D. walk
Explanation: The verb “watch” is followed by the base form “walk” (without “to”). “To walk” is the infinitive, which is incorrect after perception verbs like “watch.”
Q.21
Correct option: D. to do
Explanation: The phrase “the right” is followed by the infinitive “to do.” “Doing” is a gerund, and “of doing” uses an incorrect preposition. “Done” is a past participle, which doesn’t fit here.
Q.22
Correct option: C. of going
Explanation: The correct phrase is “the idea of going,” where “of” is the preposition followed by the gerund “going.” “Being gone” is passive, and “to go” is an infinitive, both of which are grammatically incorrect here.
Q.23
Correct option: A. not to touch
Explanation: The verb “warn” is followed by the infinitive “to touch,” with “not” placed before it for negation. “Not touched” is a past participle, and “not touching” is a gerund, both of which are incorrect.
Q.24
Correct option: C. remaining
Explanation: The adjective “remaining” correctly describes the singular “question.” “Remained” is a past participle, and “to remain” is an infinitive, both of which don’t fit the context.
Q.25
Correct option: D. to seeing
Explanation: The phrase “look forward to” requires the preposition “to” followed by the gerund “seeing.” “To see” is an infinitive, which is incorrect after this phrasal verb.
Q.26
Correct option: C. Having locked
Explanation: The perfect participle “Having locked” shows the action was completed before “he put the key.” “Being locked” is passive, and “To lock” is an infinitive, both of which don’t convey sequence.
Q.27
Correct option: B. being asked
Explanation: The phrase “don’t mind” is followed by the passive gerund “being asked” to emphasize the subject’s willingness to answer questions. “Asking” is active voice, which changes the meaning.
Q.28
Correct option: D. to believe
Explanation: The noun “reason” is followed by the infinitive “to believe.” “Believing” is a gerund, and “having believed” is a perfect gerund, both of which are grammatically incorrect here.
Q.29
Correct option: B. looking alarmed
Explanation: The participle phrase “looking alarmed” describes the husband’s state. “Looked alarmed” is a past tense verb, and “looking alarming” implies he caused alarm, which is illogical.
Q.30
Correct option: C. surprised
Explanation: The adjective “surprised” describes the subject’s emotional state. “Surprising” would describe something that causes surprise, which doesn’t fit the context.
Q.31
Correct option: B. being
Explanation: The phrase “couldn’t help” is followed by the gerund “being.” “Been” is a past participle, and “to be” is an infinitive, both of which are grammatically incorrect here.
Q.32
Correct option: D. to pay
Explanation: The verb “forgot” is followed by the infinitive “to pay” for an uncompleted action. “Paying” is a gerund, which would imply he forgot the act of paying itself.
Q.33
Correct option: A. Asked
Explanation: The past participle “Asked” introduces a passive clause (“Asked what he was doing”). “Asking” is active voice, and “Having asked” is unnecessarily complex.
Q.34
Correct option: C. Having done
Explanation: The perfect participle “Having done” shows the homework was completed before the boy played. “Doing” is simultaneous, and “Done” is a past participle without a helper verb.
Q.35
Correct option: A. of telling
Explanation: The adjective “incapable” is followed by the preposition “of” and the gerund “telling.” “To tell” is an infinitive, which doesn’t fit the grammatical structure.
Q.36
Correct option: C. stopping
Explanation: The verb “suggested” is followed by the gerund “stopping.” “To stop” is an infinitive, which is incorrect after “suggest,” and “being stopped” is passive.
Q.37
Correct option: D. to avoid making
Explanation: The correct structure is “difficult to avoid making,” where the infinitive “to avoid” is followed by the gerund “making.” Other options misplace the gerund or infinitive.
Q.38
Correct option: C. to have seen
Explanation: The verb “claim” is followed by the perfect infinitive “to have seen” to emphasize the action occurred before the crime. “To see” doesn’t convey the sequence.
Q.39
Correct option: A. Not knowing
Explanation: The present participle “Not knowing” introduces a reason for the subsequent action (“he called”). “Not known” is passive, and “Not to know” is an infinitive, both incorrect here.
Q.40
Correct option: B. frightened
Explanation: The adjective “frightened” describes the children’s state. “Frightening” would describe something that causes fear, which is illogical in this context.
Q.41
Correct option: A. goes
Explanation: The present simple “goes” describes a habitual action (“every day”). “Is going” is present continuous for temporary actions, and “has gone” implies completion.
Q.42
Correct option: A. work
Explanation: The present simple “work” describes a routine (“usually till nine”). “Am working” is for temporary actions, and “have worked” implies completion.
Q.43
Correct option: A. makes
Explanation: The present simple “makes” describes a general skill. “Is making” is for ongoing actions, and “has made” implies completion.
Q.44
Correct option: B. are sleeping
Explanation: The present continuous “are sleeping” describes an ongoing action (“now”). “Sleeping” is a gerund, and “have slept” is present perfect, both incorrect here.
Q.45
Correct option: A. rises
Explanation: The present simple “rises” describes a universal truth. “Is rising” is for temporary actions, and “has risen” implies completion.
Q.46
Correct option: B. is playing
Explanation: The present continuous “is playing” describes an action happening now (“Listen!”). “Plays” is habitual, and “has played” implies completion.
Q.47
Correct option: B. is cooking
Explanation: The present continuous “is cooking” describes an ongoing action. “Cooks” is habitual, and “has cooked” implies completion.
Q.48
Correct option: C. hasn’t done
Explanation: The present perfect “hasn’t done” emphasizes the unfinished homework affecting the present. “Isn’t doing” is present continuous for ongoing actions.
Q.49
Correct option: C. has visited
Explanation: The present perfect “has visited” describes an experience with present relevance. “Visits” is habitual, and “is visiting” is temporary.
Q.50
Correct option: D. have been writing
Explanation: The present perfect continuous “have been writing” emphasizes the duration (“for four hours”). “Have written” is present perfect for completion.
